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CHAOS MANOR MAILA SELECTIONJanuary 25 - 31, 1999
CLICK ON THE BLIMP TO SEND MAIL TO ME Go to PREVIOUS MAIL WEEKS:
Fair warning: some of those previous weeks can take a minute plus to download. After Mail 10, though, they're tamed down a bit. IF YOU SEND MAIL it may be published; if you want it private SAY SO AT THE TOP of the mail. I try to respect confidences, but there is only me, and this is Chaos Manor. PLEASE DO NOT USE DEEP INDENTATION INCLUDING LAYERS OF BLOCK QUOTES IN MAIL. TABS in mail will also do deep indentations. Use with care or not at all. I try to answer mail, but mostly I can't get to all of it. I read it all, although not always the instant it comes in. I do have books to write too... I am reminded of H. P. Lovecraft who slowly starved to death while answering fan mail. If you want to send mail that will be published, you don't have to use the formatting instructions you will find when you click here but it will make my life simpler, and your chances of being published better.. This week: HIGHLIGHTS:I am going to say this one more time. Please do NOT put tabs and block indents so that your message says: Regards, Someone who won't read with that closing tabbed or indented out to the right hand side of the page. If you do, and I don't catch it, then this page gets far too wide for most viewers, a lot of people are made to do needless work, eventually someone catches it and I have to fix it, taking another several minutes I do not have. PLEASE CHECK YOUR MAIL FORMAT. I get a lot of mail, but if I am doing formatting I can't do commentaries. PLEASE.
THE SLASHDOT LETTERS HAVE BEEN MOVED
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Monday, January 25, 1999To begin, there was a lot of mail posted Sunday night in Mail 25; if you have not seen it, go there first. == What is it? Where did I get it? Im having problems with it. (It says there is an error ... ). Did it come with W95? I did not put it in. How many more apps are like this? Love your web page as is. Keep on dancing. Ill try to keep up. Michael Dugan [mikeric@sowega.net] InstallShield comes with almost anything you are trying to install now; it's a third party software item that most companies incorporate as the installation manager for their software. Where you got it is likely to be with whatever you are having problems installing. I'm answering this here in part to use it an example: this is the kind of mail I can no longer answer, because there's no one to do that. If it's an interesting generic question, or interesting and I don't know, or interesting and I know something but not enough, I am likely to put it up here and let the readers inform everyone including me; but I won't even be able to do that with more than maybe 10% of this kind of mail. I'm sorry. In the early days I could sort of function as an alternative tech support system, and sometimes I got some of my best column ideas that way; but in those days I also had the excellent BYTE staff as backup, and I was being paid enough including my phone bills and a good bit of my time that I could do more of it. Alas, them days is gone. == In Lucifer's Hammer, you had one of
your characters carefully wrapping and burying books in anticipation of needing them later
to rebuild civilization. In The Mote in God's Eye, you and Niven had the Moties
using their museums/libraries/armories as a repository from which each successive Cycle of
Moties could gain technology after a collapse, once they'd reached a certain level of
astronomical knowledge on their own. Roland Dobbins < rdobbins@hawaii.rr.com>The argument made by the libertarians is that anyone can afford a book now, most books are on CDROM anyway, and what the libraries seem to accumulate is popular trash fiction which can be got at any airport wastebasket; they aren't storing the classics of the civilization and in fact are culling the libraries for anything not politically correct. That probably says more about the state of libraries and particularly in some localities than it does about the need for libraries in general. I have always thought as you do, clearly, since you show examples from my own works. I would argue that libraries and other methods of equalizing access to the tools of success are quite justified, and that it's reasonable to make the general tax funds support them; but then I have never claimed to be a Libertarian as such although I am certainly concerned about the protection of Liberty. == http://www.jerrypournelle.com/view/view32.htmlThe reference to the Outlook security problem, http://www.microsoft.com/security/bulletins/ms99-002.asp , looks like a linkbut isn't. The reader can get there by copying the URL onto the clipboard and pasting it into the "Open" dialog, but he will first be frustrated trying to get there by clicking on the reference. Incidentally, that cited page does not discuss the Outlook glitch. The correct URL (that I have found) is http://officeupdate.microsoft.com/articles/outlookarchpatch.htm .Carrington Dixon 972-604-5799 Carrington.Dixon@eds.com Whatever. I try to make these things work, but I can't check them all. Thanks. == I spent the weekend getting a poster ready for a local conference, so I just came up for air. You have some interesting comments...
Harry Erwin [herwin@gmu.edu] IN reverse order: Marx is probably best understood as a professor without a classroom. As Parkinson notes, what he needed was someone at a faculty meeting to say "I don't believe what you're saying here in Das Kapital, and I don't think you do either." Unfortunately he never had many intellectual discussions with people he had to be polite to, and he dismissed as idiots almost anyone who disagreed with him. The result was a remarkable system, but with little internal feedback. But modern corporate evolution makes one wonder if the New World Order doesn't look a bit like what Marx predicted. David McCord Wright, the Canadian economist whose text I used when I taught freshman economics, used to say that the Sherman Anti-Trust Act was one major barrier to a Marxist world, and one unanticipated by Marx. We seem to be abandoning it in publishing I don't suppose anyone including Bill Gates would want to fly in airplanes if the flight control systems used Windows 95 or 98, but that's not what it's for. I am getting Scarlet off the test stand so I can put Linette back in that place and we'll look at Linux, but for just getting work done NT and 95 do pretty well for most of what I do, and most of what most people do. If you need really huge graphics you'll use something else of course; meanwhile, with really huge disks you still need about 20% of the disk space free, or else you need to defragment often, and it's best to do both. Big files are big. Surprise. NT is supposed to be more stable. But see the Yorktown Affair == Moshe Bar has sent a report on installing Linux for a family installation; I've given it a separate report page although it came as mail. ==
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Tuesday, Janury 26, 1999David G.D. Hecht [David_Hecht@email.msn.com] Subject: Baldur's Gate and Random Monster Encounters
You may not have noticed, but the game autosaves every time you leave an area (even within an area, i.e., going into a building), so if you have an encounter you didnt like you can go back and reload the Auto-Save. Another thing you will find useful: hitting Q does a Quick-Save which is even intelligently put into its own slot (i.e. it does not overwrite the Auto-Save). I use the Q key a lot when I am exploring a new map or during a major set-piece (although you cannot quick-save when the game thinks there are monsters nearbyI guess it is kind of a "detect nearby monster" spell too ;->). Unfortunately the load game dialog does not have an intelligent thumbit is like the old thumb from Windows 3.1. The Auto-SAve and Quick-Save are the first two save game slots, so you will probably have to scroll up to find them. When you open the load game dialog it is not obvious that there are other saves above the four you see other than that the thumb is at the bottom of the slider bar. Hope this helps! v/r, dh Hadn't known about the Q trick. I tend to forget to save. That will help. The autosave isn't explained, but I did last night figure out what it was doing (actually it's pretty obvious if you are paying attention, but lately I tend to be distracted by just too much going on). Using saves as a means to experiment with the game works, but it's not my favorite method. Mostly I tend to object to randomization methods of "making the game more interesting". In particular the notion that the characters get unhappy if they don't rest, coupled with a lack of secure places and the randomized encounters makes it very boring to get from one place to another if what you are trying to do is complete one of the sub-plots. It's still up there with Fallout as one of the best games of its class, and I recommend it. I don't recommend playing as a palladin. Best strategy seems to be to start as a fighter and become a dual class later on. The palladin's magic ability isn't good enough at least at any level I've reached. Thanks for the advice. == John Jacobson [Jack_Jacobson@compuserve.com] Subject: Little things Hi Jerry, I just subscribed to your page, but it took a little effort. <G> You probably are already aware of these issues, but Ill list them anyway, since "listing" is one of my hobbies. First, it is quite difficult to even find on your site that you are encouraging people to subscribe. I found your site for credit card subscriptions several nights ago, but it must have taken me five minutes to find it again, even when I was specifically looking for it. Maybe a little disclaimer or speck of advertising to that effect somewhere on the top of the home page would be appropriate here? The layout of the credit card application might be improved. Just a couple of small issues here. e.g. the credit card expiration date boxes for month and year should be on the same line, they werent on my browser. (IE4) The space to enter the credit card type lacks Master Card as a choice, and if one chooses the wrong card by mistake, you cant "unchoose" it. i.e., I clicked on Visa, then decided to click on Discover since my main card is a MasterCard not a Visa, and I wasnt sure you would take MC. But when I reclicked on the Visa box, it wouldnt unselect. So one has to clear the form and start over. No big deal, but a small time waster. I have enjoyed reading your material for years as a loyal Byte subscriber. I wrote you a note and told you I had actually subscribed to BugNet because I thought you were going to be a regular columnist for them, but guess that was a one time deal for you. I enjoy your current site, and appreciate the efforts youre making to redesign it to make it easier and more intuitive to use. I think you have the opportunity to create a community of individuals online whose influence may be more significant than you realize. You are held in high respect in the computer community, as well in SF circles and Im sure other circles of which I know nothing. <G> Thank you for your efforts to improve the site. One other small suggestion. Have you considered a "lifetime" membership? Some of us might be more interested in that approach, and it might improve cash flow for you early on, also giving you a guaranteed source of income from the site. In any event, thank you for your insight and wisdom down through the years. I look forward to more! Best Wishes. Jack Jacobson Points taken, and thanks. I'll get the subscribe information set up better. On the credit card stuff: the radio buttons are irrelevant, and the subscribe page is a sort of endurance test: you REALLY have to want to subscribe to get past it. We'll revamp that sucker shortly. I'm changing Roberta over to a new machine, and it's her site, so there's all this to be done; and we want to change her commercial site from Earthlink (which has been satisfoactory) to Darnell's place (he may as well be getting the money and his services are better than Earthlink for a commercial site, for the same rates, and you get considerable more personal attention); the upshot has been that this site hasn't even been formally announced. (Some of my friends want to revamp it to make it more 'professional' in appearance before I do that; we'll see.) Without the subscriptions I would have abandoned this long ago, so my thanks to all; but I have deliberately kept it a bit hard to do on the theory that people who go through that will put up with some other irregularities, and I cannot promise, being just me, to do everything promptly and professionally. But thanks for the reminder. BugNet bought 3 columns. They are buying the right to do some excerpts from the latest ones. They aren't buying the whole columns as they come out, so for my columns you have to come here. BugNet looks like a worthwhile place, and they do considerable work at what they specialize in, and mostly your subscription there gets you as I understand it timely notices of potential problems. Lifetime membership would have to be "yours or mine whichever is shorter" but I think implies more obligations that I want to take on. It's an interesting thought, but it encourages me to confuse capital with income and assets with liabilities, and I'm already good at that. Thanks for the confidence. I'm slowly adding navigation features, and Darnell promises we'll have the Front Page Search Engine enabled Real Soon Now, which ought to make it even easier. And one day we'll actually have a formal announcement of this place. Up to now all the traffic -- and there is a LOT -- comes mostly from word of mouth. Keep it up .
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Wednesday January 27, 1999I was surprised to read this from you: "the Sherman Anti-Trust Act was one major barrier to a Marxist world, and one unanticipated by Marx. We seem to be abandoning it in publishing " I know what you mean, but the fact is it has never been easier to be published... getting read is another matter. A thousand years ago the only way you could get published was if you were God (Bibles, in Latin, by scribes and priests); today any idiot with a Commodore 64 and a modem can be "published" on the Internet. As I said, being read is another story, and I think this is the point you are making, that the marketing and distribution power to get eyes on the words is becoming more and more concentrated, and I can't disagree. Still, with desktop publishing software, a laser printer, and an attractive ad in a few inexpensive specialty journals something really worthwhile at least has a chance of reaching a wide audience without being filtered through the egos and editors of Publisher's Row. And good Internet sites, like Tom's Hardware and your own, get a lot of very good stuff out to a whole lot of people very very cheaply. So I just don't see the need to worry about anti-trust where publishing is concerned... I frankly think the concentration going on in the industry is a direct reaction to all the new ways of getting information and art in front of people: the only publishers who will be able to survive the new paradigm will be a few of the largest and best run. All the best-- Tim Loeb [taloeb@bellsouth.net] Actually not only do I agree with you, but I wrote about this in STEP FARTHER OUT 20 years ago. Thanks for reminding me. But I make a living off books still, and the publishing industry is getting -- frightening. == C Jervey [userchj@conterra.com] Recovering from Win95 corruption problems. I read about the Windows 95 registry corruption problems you had with Robertas Joizy. ERU, and Norton Zip Rescue are two utilities I have found useful in such situations. ERU (Emergency Recovery Utility) is one of the utilities the comes with Win95 that isnt installed by default. Like Power Toys or Kernel Toys, it was created by the Widows development team, but isnt really pushed by Microsoft. Its a small utility program (\Other\Misc\Eru on the Win95 install CD) that grabs copies of Autoexec.Bat, Config.Sys, Command.Com, the hidden boot executables in root directory, the windows .Ini files, the Win95 registry, and any other files you designate as essential to the system and moves them to the drive/directory you specify along with a utility program called ERD.Exe. When run (safe mode command prompt only), Erd overlays the current Win95 system files with the backup copies, saving the overlaid files so that the restore can be undone if necessary. Norton Zip Rescue is another small, single purpose utility program. Originally bundled with the Norton Utilities, its recently been made available as a free download from the Iomega web site. When run it:
The result is a boot floppy/zip disk combination that allows you to boot up to the Win95 GUI environment, complete with your favorite disaster recovery tools, without having a functional hard drive in your computer, much less a working Win95 system on the hard drive. Zip rescue isnt something you need often, but it can make the difference between fixing a problem, and reinstalling Windows, all your applications, and trying to recreate you user settings. Thanks. I have used ZIP rescue and in fact have it installed on Roberta's new machine, which has an internal IDE Zip driver. Didn't have ZIP permanently installed on her other. I hadn't known about ERD or if I did I forgot; thanks, I'll very much look into that one. === Subject: laser powered space launch Sir, Several years ago, I remember reading a story about a space launch system using ground based pulsed lasers firing into a parabolic reflector on the bottom of a launcher. in the lower atmosphere, thrust was generated by heating the ambient air in the mirror, and at higher altitudes, water was injected into the "combustion" chamber. Recently, beginning about two years ago, I have read several articles about a scientist, Leif Myrabo, who is faculty at RPI, working with DARPA on a project to develop this basic concept, and in fact they have managed to get a tiny device about 70 feet off the ground. I have been searching my SF archives trying to find the story, which certainly predates the project, but have been unsuccessful. It is likely that the possible authors are you, Niven, Heinlein, Asimov or Clarke, since you five comprise the majority of my SF reading. The basic premise of the story is a business tycoon ( for some reason i think it was a woman ) who develops this launch system and rakes in the bucks. I believe the launch site was in arizona or new mexico to take advantage of the clear dry air. I am trying to find this story for two reasons. First I would like to read it again, and second, I want to spank the scientist for not giving credit to the author who came up with the idea in the first place. I understand that the scientist has done the hard work to make the idea feasible, but SF has been responsible for giving so many ideas to scientists, and is so rarely given credit, that I find it especially annoying when an idea put forth by a SF author puts out an idea that is spot on and is not even given so much as a kudo by the scientist hwo turns the idea into reality. If you recall this story, or could refer me to someone who might, could you please send me any information that might help.
Well, the story was mine, in Analog in the early 70's. It was based on work done by Arthur Kantrowitz at Avco Everett in the 60's and 70's, and was as real as I could make it. I forget the title I gave it, but you can find the story in a collection of mine called HIGH JUSTICE from Baen Books. That title comes from the second story in that collection. The series, about Laurie Jo Hanson and Anaeas MacKinzie, has several other stories in it including Exiles to Glory, and is my "no faster than light" series in which the Cold War simply peters out. One of these days I'll do another. Amazon says Exiles to Glory is out of print; I'll have to speak to my publisher. Laser propulsion ought to work. The payloads per launch are small, but the total mass you can launch is large and it's cheap. == Subject: The Pentium III ID Number Idiocy The privacy freaks have thrown another conniption fit and once again made a mountain from a molehill. An Arizona politician has even gone as far as pushing legislation to outlaw the sale or manufacture of the Pentium III within that state. The Commerce Department might have some issues with that idea... At the root of all of this is ignorance, and willing ignorance, at that. This story on EETimes ( http://www.eet.com/story/OEG19990127S0011) makes it clear how unlikely it was that anyones life would be changed for the worse by the ID codes. Unless, that is, youre in the habit of stealing computers or engaging in online fraud.EPobirs@Nexusis.com Thanks. As usual, panic is the Word For The Day among many. For another view see Bob Thompson's reply. -- On your view page, there was a picture referenced: http://home.studit.com/com00120/sparbanken1.jpg
but I cant really tell what the problem is with it, I really cant. So error, but the specific one? I dont know. Whats the point of this? Well, just that its not a good idea to not want to see something if you dont really know whats going on. Sure, we dont like errors, just like we dont like taxes, but thats hardly the whole story. Did you really want Microsoft running your ATM? ===
Following is a story of a problem I have not had; comments from those with experience welcome. Subject: Win98 breaks Office97 Dear Mr. Pournelle: I thought you might find this interesting (if you havent already heard of it). It seems that installing the SR-1 fix for MSOffice 97 installed on a Windows 98 machine will break Office due to a "feature" of Windows 98. I found out about this while helping out a friend with a new IBM Aptiva P333 with the AMD 3D CPU. They purchased the system over Christmas from a local Staples and the system came with SmartSuite. Since no one in the family was acquainted with Word Pro, etc. but did know Word and Excel from work and school they asked me to help them get Office Pro 97 installed. (I am a consultant dealing with small offices (dentists, doctors) and Nursing Homes doing installs of PCs and peer-to-peer networking.) We got Office Pro 97 (which they recently purchased at Staples, also) installed off the CD and confirmed that all the various programs worked. Then, because of the "gotchas" in the origional program(s) I attempted to install the SR-1 update. It seemingly installed without problem but Word then failed to run giving an error message that "wwintl32.dll was the wrong version." Powerpoint also failednot even giving that much of a message. Excel, Binder and Access would run and the About menu item did confirm they were version SR-1. Replacing the wwintl32.dll (dated 1997) with the wwintl32.dll (dated 1996) from the origional CD would get Word to run but the About menu item did not show SR-1 version for Word and Powerpoint still crashed. Wonderful!! So, off to the Microsoft Support Web site and check the Knowledge Base. Yessure enoughthere it is. Thanks to the "walign.exe" program which alligns all MICROSOFT applications on 4K bounderies AUTOMATICALLY it screws up the Office programs so the SR-1 update zaps them not fixes them. Of course, Microsoft says the fix is easy: (1) just spend 2hrs. downloading this 8meg. replacement for SR-1 (and, by the way we arent putting it on CD anymore so you cant get it that waylots of luck!), (2) remove Office completely from the system (3) reinstall Office and make sure the task manager has time to walign.exe and align the programs and (4) then run the "new" SR-1 update. Guess whatI do all this and get exactly the same result. So, then, I figure that maybe Office didnt get alligned by walign after all. I scrub Office and reinstall, run all the Office program (maybe they have to run and be logged by Windows???), then run walign by telling the task manager to run it immediately, then shut Windows down and cold start (who knows maybe its like waving the magic wand and saying "presto"!). Then after the reboot install the "new" SR-1 update. Guess againyes, the same stupid message!
fdisk, format, reinstally Win98 from scratch, install only minimal drivers (sound and video). And do it all again and get the same dumb message! I have check this out now on 4 different system: 2 with Cyrix and 2 with AMD chips with the same results. I dont know if a Intel CPU might make a difference as I didnt have access to a system with one that I wanted to mess with. In fact on two of the system MSOffice 95 wouldnt install properly either. And, in looking for a zip/unzip program with these systems on 3 of them neither Winzip (version 7) nor ZipMagic98 (evaluation) would work properly. ZipMagic wouldnt even finish the install but would crash as it tried to run the executable at the end of the install. WinZip would consistly claim that zip files were damaged. In fact, even the downloaded "new" SR-1 update kept reporting that its cab files were corrupt when I attempted to run it 3 out of 5 times. On the same systems, after I deleted Win98 and installed Win95c (I wont leave friends or clients with what is a ticking bomb) everything work perfect even the "new" SR-1 upgrade (which Microsoft indicated would work with all versions of their OSs). Amazing what a feature Microsoft things I need and apparently cant be avoided can do! I guess Microsoft has really found the perfect way to sell Office 2000! The final insult is trying to find from Microsoft how to notify them of this behavior. God knows where the email address is I couldnt find it and using the phonethey want me to PAY for their ADMITTED screw up! Sointeresting story, huh! If you or any of those patronizing your site have any other ideas or workarrounds Id love to know.
P.S. Thanks for finally getting the credit card payment system for contributing to your site working. I tend to do all through the card for records,etc. Now I just need to get off my butt and pay! I have installed Office 97 SR-1 on 3 different Windows 98 machines without problems. It has worked fine for months. Are you convinced that the one you bought at Staples is NOT ALREADY SR-1; it may be that you are trying to patch a file that needs no fixing? I refused to move from Office 95 to Office 97 until about a year ago, when I got Office 97 SR-1; that has worked fine and I have not done much with upgrades and patches to it; That is, the installation disk I have is itself SR-1, and I don't bother with the older Office 97. There is in theory a SR-2 upgrade which I do not recommend, since it fixes no problems I have had. We may even have had some discussion of it here: I don't recall. Others may have different experience. But I never heard of this difficulty you have. Perhaps another reader will know more. === A reply to Eric: Subject: The Pentium III ID Number Idiocy I dont know that Id call it idiocy. In effect, Intel announced that they were going to begin serializing their CPUs, which minicomputer vendors like DEC have been doing for years. And if youve installed much software on a VAX, youve probably run into programs that "marry" themselves to the CPU ID, after which they can no longer be installed on a different CPU. To extend the VAX analogy, most VAX software is priced according to the power of the CPU you run it on. Do you really want your processor telling your software how fast it is, so that you can be charged more to run Windows NT or Office on a faster machine? Microsoft is already altering their license agreements to say that the software is licensed only for the original CPU it is installed on, and that you must buy another license rather than moving an existing copy to another machine. With the new tendency toward forced registrations, I think the ultimate goal of this may be to control customers license usage more than anything else. Given the reality of dwindling upgrade revenues, reduced bundling revenues resulting from low-cost PCs, and the perceived need to maintain historic growth levels, I think Microsofts ultimate goal is to rent software to you rather than licensing it. I think theyd love to automate the whole process of debiting your account each month or quarter, and varying the amount you pay according to how fast your computer is and how long you use each application each month. Idiocy is perhaps too strong a word.
Bob
If that's what they use it for, indeed, it's a problem. I confess a certain uneasiness on all this. On the other hand, I suspect that within my readership, and certainly among the Internet Web community, there are people who can do software intercepts of this that install in the BIOS and negate the problems if anyone actually implements what you describe. Moreover, to make their general purpose (as opposed to highly specialized) software attractive enough for people to buy it, they probably will have to forego much of that kind of thing. No one, NO ONE, will buy a copy protected Word Processor (I admit having something to do with starting the move to Just Say No to copy protected software) or spread sheet. There are some very complex and specialized programs that you can make the "only on the original CPU" stick with -- MAYBE. And maybe not. Treating your customers like criminals has never been a clue to business success. We will see. Eric tends to get a bit hot under the collar at times, but his observations very often ring true. We will see. ===
Dr. Pournelle, You wrote in http://www.jerrypournelle.com/view/view33.html#Monday:
I think you might have saved yourself some trouble by not giving up on the floppy so soon.
As you investigate further into Linux, I hope that youll find it makes a very good "rescue" disk even for non-Linux systems. I wouldnt expect you to know this yet, but you might consider it worth investigating. You dont need a full-blown installation to get good mileage out of Linux. Linux (other systems can too, but Im not familiar with them) can format a standard 2MB floppy for 1.7MB of storage. So you could have superformatted a floppy and copied the file to it. Then taken it to Joizy, copied the file, and been on your way. If you had a LAN available, a Linux boot disk could also make good use of it, to copy easier/faster than with a floppy. You might find these pages useful/interesting: "The most Linux on 1 floppy disk.", AKA "tomsrtbt", http://www.toms.net/rb/home.html
Fdutils, http://www.tux.org/pub/knaff/fdutils/
Linux Router Project, http://www.linuxrouter.org/floppy.shtml
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James Stansell < stansell@wcg.net>All true, but you know, it was about as easy to carry the parallel port ZIP down and use that as to find and use PKZIP. I have sense been sent good batch files that do that job automagically, and I'll probably use them. All this comes of having a great deal of access to advice, a bad memory, and being impatient to DO SOMETHING. Two minutes thought would have come up with many solutions; using the parallel ZIP drive was the first one I thought of, and what the heck, it worked. Thanks. As to LINUX as a means for making exact copies of a hard disk, yep, I've been given descriptions of this and I'll be trying it when I get a chance. Thanks! ==
MILITARY CULTURE DOES MATTER by Williamson Murray Volume 7, Number 2 January 1999 Williamson Murray is the Harold K. Johnson Visiting Professor of Military History at the United States Army War College in Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania. The views expressed here do not represent those of the U.S. Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. This essay is an abridged version of an article that appears in the Winter 1999 issue of Orbis, a special issue focusing on "Culture Wars in the Military." Other articles include: "An Uninformed Debate on Military Culture," by Don Snider, and "Must U.S. Military Culture Reform?" by John Hillen. Based on an FPRI conference in 1998, these essays will also be featured in a forthcoming FPRI report on "The Future of American Military Culture," edited by John Lehman and Harvey Sicherman. A copy is free upon request.
Does military culture matter? Students of either military history or current military institutions have devoted little attention to it, yet it may be the most important factor not only in military effectiveness on the battlefield, but in the processes of innovation during times of peace. Stated simply, military culture comprises the ethos and professional attributes, derived from both experience and intellectual study, that contribute to military organizations core, common understanding of the nature of war. Less easily studied than defined, its influence on military institutions is almost always the result of long- term factors rarely measurable and often obscure both to historians and to those actually serving in the institutions.
Military culture is shaped by national cultures as well as factors such as geography and historical experience that build a national military "style." The American military, for example, has always had to project its power over great distances. Even in the Civil War, which has exercised such great influence over the general military culture of the U.S. services, Union forces waged a war on a continental scale equivalent to the distance from Paris to Moscow. Germany, by comparison, was for centuries at the center of European wars, and consequently tended to neglect logistical problems. As with all human affairs, however, military culture is not immutable. Changes in leadership, professional military education, doctrinal preference, and technology all result in the evolution, for better or worse, of the culture of military institutions. The effects on culture, however, may not be evident for years or even decades, and may in fact be unintended consequences of other shifts. The history of the interwar period from 1920 to 1930 underscores the importance of military culture in preparing the services for war. The German victory over France in May 1940 resulted largely from changes in the cultural patterns of the German army that were made in the early 1920s by the chief of staff, General Hans von Seeckt. The hallmarks of the new German army were its emphasis on systematic, thorough analysis, willingness to grapple with what was really happening on the battlefield, and a rigorous selection process that emphasized the professionally relevant intellectual attainments of officers as well as their performance in leadership positions. The Reichswehrs willingness to study the operational and tactical lessons of the last war stands in sharp contrast with the British armys reluctance during the same period to draw lessons from the experiences of the Western Front. Historians have often suggested that military organizations study the last war and that is why they do badly in the next. In fact, few military organizations study the past with any degree of rigor, although the success of those that do so has demonstrated its vital importance. Some military cultures reject the past as having no relevance to the future of war. Air forces have been particularly attracted to the belief that the study of even recent military experience is of limited use in preparing for the glorious, technology-driven future. Such cultures have great difficulty in innovating in useful ways during peacetime and a particularly hard time in adapting to the real conditions of war. The Eighth Air Forces failure to push for the development of long-range escort fighters, despite heavy losses to its bombers on deep penetration raids during the summer and fall of 1943, indicates the potentially baneful influence of military culture. For the most part, U.S. military cultures were in fact flexible and open to innovation during the interwar period, and emphasized intellectual preparation for future war. Professional military education, in particular, received not only high-level attention but respect. The faculties of the services war colleges in the years immediately preceding American involvement in World War II included several officers who would later rise to top commands at the national level. In addition, the war colleges of the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps were instrumental in developing the doctrines of amphibious warfare and carrier aviation that proved essential to success in the war. By comparison, the current American military cultures demonstrate trends with some disturbing implications. According to a devastating House Armed Services Committee report of the late 1980s, professional military education has suffered a significant decline, and the major institutions have become profoundly anti-intellectual and ahistorical. Perhaps even more significantly, the American military appears to be going through a major change as the Vietnam War generation is succeeded by officers who did not share that experience. With the exception of the Marine Corps, the new generation has proven far more attracted to the sort of technological and mechanistic "solutions" that contributed so much to failure in Vietnam. As in the past, the air force continues to emphasize number- crunching systems analysis. According to one air force study (New World Vistas: Air and Space Power for the 21st Century, 1995): "The power of the new information systems will lie in their ability to correlate data automatically and rapidly from many sources to form a complete picture of the operational area, whether it be a battlefield or the site of a mobility operation." Many senior leaders in the other services are now moving in the same direction. A recent naval war game suggests that some officers believe that fog, friction, uncertainties, and chance -- all the factors that have influenced history over the past 2,500 years -- will simply disappear under the searching eye of superior technologies. The army is clearly divided between those who look expectantly upon technology and those who continue to be influenced by historical evidence. And it is the battles within the army that will decide where American military culture will goat least until the next Vietnam. Only the marines appear to be solidly resisting the allure of technology as the answer to all the problems of war in the next century. Their recently rewritten doctrinal publications contain a pervasive Clausewitzian flavor, emphasizing uncertainty and "fog." Moreover, their culture remains firmly tied to a sense of history both as a learning tool and as a warning to those who would put too much reliance on technology. The armys major doctrinal manual is presently being rewritten; its initial draft appears quite similar in philosophy to that of the Marine Corps. But the other services continue to push technologically oriented, top-down doctrines. This trend has been reinforced by what is coming out of the joint forces community. The joint doctrinal publications are unreadable, which is perhaps just as well, because the mechanistic, technologically driven doctrine they advocate claims much, but in fact contains little of substance. Particularly worrisome at present in the U.S. military culture has been the propensity to shut down debate. The current draft of Army Regulation 600-20 suggests that the senior leadership in the army wants to "proscribe an officer from even holding certain views which contravene official policy, much less from espousing them." On the other hand, the navy and the marines do appear to be encouraging debate within their officer corps: the navy because of its three very different subcultures (aviation, submarine, and surface), the marines simply because their culture appears to thrive on argument. Military organizations that remain totally enmeshed in the day-to-day tasks of running their administrative business, that ignore history and serious study, and that allow themselves to believe their enemies will possess no asymmetric approaches are, frankly, headed for defeat. Certainly in comparison to the thinking and atmosphere of the U.S. military in the period preceding World War II, the current picture reveals severe weaknesses. Consequently, any major attempts at military reform are bound to founder unless leaders address fundamental problems of military culture, to which there are no simple or quick solutions. ---------------------------------------------------------- You may forward this email as you like provided that you send it in its entirety and attribute it to the Foreign Policy Research Institute. If you post it on a mailing list, please contact FPRI with the name, location, purpose, and number of recipients of the mailing list. If you receive this as a forward and would like to be placed directly on our mailing lists, send email to FPRI@aol.com. Include your name, address, and affiliation. For further information, contact Alan Luxenberg at (215)732-3774 x105. ----------------------------------------------------------
Foreign Policy Research Institute, 1528 Walnut Street, Suite 610, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102-3684 For membership information, contact Alan Luxenberg (215)
This is an experiment I won't repeat. While the FPRI essays are usually worth reading, their formatting is such that it takes a lot more work than I have time for to put things in a form I can use. In any event, here's one, for flavor, and if you're interested you will know where to find them. Possony and I wrote for ORBIS ages and ages ago.
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Thursday January 28, 1999And Eric responds to a previous exchange:
In reply to Bob Thompson, I honestly dont think idiocy was too strong a word. The story was widely reported and extreme reactions voiced but most of those speakers had no knowledge or little understanding of what Intel was actually doing. I certainly would not include Bob in that category but perhaps he wasnt exposed to as much of the media deluge as I happened to digest. Intel is partially at fault for not doing a better job of making the press aware of the full details as given in the EETimes story I referenced earlier. This is annoyingly reminiscent of the cookie paranoia that pops up every few months. To me, one of the hallmarks of idiocy is knee-jerk responses. In this case it was people responding to the Intel name. Without fail any story that has Intel or Microsoft in the headline gets vastly more attention than it deserves. If Motorola/IBM announced a similar scheme in the new G4 chips it would have been ignored most places except by the semiconductor trades and Macworld. Getting everyone to pay for the commercial software they use is fine with me. The Intel ID system would only offer a fairly limited means to enforce this, and in light of the most recent reports from the trial, if Microsoft could eliminate the great majority of piracy they would then be under considerable legal pressure to sharply reduce prices. Even so, considering the huge number of unlicensed users, they would still show fabulous profits. I dont think theyd even consider billing by CPU power. In the minicomputer days when cost were high and major advances years apart it made a certain sense to factor system speed into software sale but that would never fly today. Intel would go berserk if MS used the ID code in a manner that could make people reluctant to own the latest and greatest in Intel processors. The idea of pay as you go has some appeal to me. (Especially if Millicent is implemented.) Hard drive space is cheap enough now that I dont mind the bulk of an Office suite but I do mind having to fork out in advance for the entirety when 90% of the time I only use the word processor. When I need the spreadsheet though, I really need it. Id like to be able to start off cheap, just buying a full license for I want fulltime and coughing up a few cents when I need the other stuff. This could lead to software companies coming up with entirely new approaches to selling their products. The storage companies would be ecstatic.
Eric Pobirs == Bo Leuf [bleuf@algonet.se] Subject: OEM, fraud and ID-tracking Jerry, This is a short comment with regards to Wednesday View where you note
"I also know plenty of places where multiple machines are all running copies of a single license of Windows 98 upgrade, and I expect most of you do as well. This is technically theft, although I doubt that Microsoft would send in the FBI or Secret Service or whoever has enforcement responsibility in the case of a home user with machines for himself, his wife, and his kids." <<< This reminds me of the two issues I recently took up on my own daynotes (these journals moved from my org to my com domain): http://www.leuf.com/daynotes/1999w03.html#Sunday) 2. the recent brouhaha about Intels Pentium III plans to have the chip "transmit online the registered users ID" (transponder?) ( http://www.leuf.com/daynotes/1999w04.html#Tuesday)By itself, the 2nd is rather odd, especially because it apparently assumes you will always be using the same physical machine when conducting economic transactions online. Most of the loud brouhaha also seems to miss the real issue. But there may be other agendas involved here... I refer you to my full texts at the respective links, only noting here that both developments would dovetail nicely with future efforts by MS to actively track down "all illegal use" (however defined) and implementation of "active licensing", e.g. issuing new registration codes for product functionality on receipt of yearly license renewal fees. There is a clear MS trend indicated here (started with constant "registration nags" for everything, even free upgrades/fixes) to more actively identify and lock in the customers. The open question is: should we get uncomfortable about that, and the means used, or not? Passive ID-codes in software and hardware is one thing, but when my tools start automatically broadcasting (or even on external demand transpond) to the world at large outside my control... As said elsewhere apropos Linux, MS is running scared and seems to be taking precautions (as MS sees it). / Bo -- bo@leuf.com> Leuf fc3 Consultancy -- http://www.jerrypournelle.com/reports/DeJesus/beetle.html
Nice to see these popular lyrics reposted. Theyre quite ancientearly 70s at least, as I recall them being printed out on the Olivetti ttys when I studied at University. / Bo --
-- I read your mention of the Palmpilot. You didnt say, however, if youre using the stock stylus. If you havent tried one yet, I recommend you pick up the Cross DigitalWriter. Its a regular Cross pen with a stylus refill. (You can get the refills separately from Cross.) Cross has patented a type of plastic that makes writing a whole lot better than any other stylus Ive tried. It feels almost like writing on paper, and the fact that its a normal pen makes writing easier. Check out their info at http://www.cross-pcg.com/digital/index.html-- Alan Shutko < ats@acm.org> - By consent of the corrupted Who needs friends when you can sit alone in your room and drink?Actually, I don't at all mind the stylus that comes with the Pilot, but I have one of the Cross pens; they were giving them out at a COMDEX some time ago. Mine has a dual twist, one way and it's a pen, the other way it's a stylus, and I use it when I remember to, but mostly I use the one that's contained in the Palm III. Incidentally, the Palm Pilot upgraded to a 3 has a better stylus holder than the Palm III or so Alex and I both believe. === I revisited your site, just for grins... I see that you havent lowered yourself to the ad hominem attack lately (even when you vented about APM and Ralph Nader.) The negative observations that you do make about various things are backed by anecdotal evidence - again, that is good to see. I am glad to see that you are sticking it out with Linux even if your motives arent pure (rooting for Linux to keep Microsoft in line).
Darren [PCTech1018@netscape.net] Ad hominem is a phrase. If there is a source who has almost always been wrong, I see no real reason to treat every pronouncement from that source as "this time for sure". If someone has been dumber than a box of rocks for ages, I don't see why I should act as if I think that this time he has become a genius, and take each pronouncement "on its merits". Richard Weaver wrote a book once called LIFE WITHOUT PREJUDICE in which he demonstrated that if you were really to live without "prejudice" (which is to say pre-judgments, based on previous experience) you would not be able to get through the day. Some sources I generally do not take very seriously because my experience has been that the information content has low to nil, and in come cases deliberately deceptive. I make no apologies for that, and if it is "ad hominen" then make the most of it. Life isn't long enough to treat each source as if it had no history. The horror comes when you lump sources together and develop a prejudice against an entire class on irrelevant grounds. It's not wrong to look very suspiciously at any pronouncement from people you know to be subject to the discipline of the Communist Party; it's very wrong to generalize that to all Marxist scholars. I could multiply examples, such as Lehi vs. all Israeli leaders, Farrakhan's people vs. all black politicians, etc., but surely the point is clear? I'm not at all sure I understand what prompted this letter, but the last sentence is worth responding to. I don't know what "pure" motives are. If that means that I am supposed to love Linux, or Unix, or the Amiga, or Apple, for their own sake without regard to the effect on the user community, then I am certainly not "pure". My column in BYTE was originally called "The User's Column" and I have never forgotten that's my focus. I could have got a lot richer by writing books and investing my advances in Microsoft and Intel starting in 1980, and I often wish I had done that (as a columnist I wasn't allowed to own specific stocks, and had to make do with index and mutual funds). My notion then and now was to try to push the industry in directions I thought proper. I think I have done some of that. And the proper direction is towards making life easier for users. That's the only kind of purity I strive for. ==
Jerry P.: I saw you comment on partitioning your 10 GB drive. I got a 10.1 Gb IBMDeskstar 16GP and downloaded the free IBM diskmanager which is put out for them by OnTrack. This allows me a single 10.1 Gb partition. Works fine and includes a file copy utility which will copy all your files from an old hard drive to the new one, which is what I wanted as my old 2.2 Gb drive was getting a bit tight around the shoulders. http://www.storage.ibm.com/hardsoft/ for the IBM site and http://www.ontrack.com/re/do/do.asp for OnTrack.So far this works with Norton Rescue disk, the Zip &; floppy combination, as I have already screwed things up otherwise and had to have Norton come to my rescue one more time. Charles B. Simkins - cbsimkins@earthlink.net Thank you. I'll have to get that. OnTrack has long been one of the places I recommend.
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Friday January 29, 1999=== A reply to an earlier exchange:
Jerry, As a longtime Byte reader, Im glad to see your web site is alive: between this and Steve Ciarcias site, its a taste of the old days. I have an entry into the "did everything right" category to discuss with you ..... Citrix. As you are probably aware, Citrix got a fat licensing payment from MS and many claim they should be happy campers for it. I see it another way: they invented a solid (non-Unix) multi-user Win32 system and had it stolen from them by MS. Citrix was ready with WinFrame 2.0 (based on NT 4.0 technology) back in fall 1996. However, they could not get their licensing worked out with MS, who refused to extend their prior agreement (which only covered 3.51 technology). At that time, MS was working on their OWN multi-user windows technology, and clearly wanted to delay Citrixs product while MS development tried to catch up. Ultimately, MS decided to blackmai^H^H^H^H^H^H purchase the WinFrame technology from Citrix instead of developing their own. Despite this R&;D turbo-boost, MS managed to take a market ready product (WinFrame 2.0 had been beta testing for some time) and delay it for 2 MORE years, even AFTER bringing the Citrix engineers on board. When Terminal Server was finally released in July 98, the "per user" licensing and NT Workstation requirement pretty much ensured that nobody would buy this product. (A week ago, MS contrived a new Terminal Server access license which marginally lowers the cost, but a MS Terminal Server solution is still DOUBLE the cost of a Citrix WinFrame 1.7 solution.) My assertion is this: MS is not really interested in multi-user windows since this subverts their main revenue stream and dominant area: the desktop OS market. So they buy-out the biggest vendor and try to kill that entire market. If, despite a corporate effort to destroy multi-user
windows, the market lives on, MS is still there to profit. Oh, Citrix kept the ICA protocol. Big deal! How long before MS adds the 3 or 4 MetaFrame-only features to their own stuff and Citrix goes away completely? Look at theWinTerm market...hardware vendors are now using Windows CE so their box can be considered "Windows based" and can connect with RDP instead of ICA. What a slick legal maneuver on MS part to duck their Citrix license agreement on non-Windows hardware! To the end-user, that means buying (2) TWO licenses for MS operating systems: the CE license (bundled into the WinTerm) and the NTWorkstation license (required to connect via Terminal Server). Result: MS will sell you a "time-shared" session of NT for the cost of (2) whole OSs. Care to buy into that? Please help me understand how Citrix goofed in this deal!
I haven't time to answer this because all my time is taken up with the slashdot affair, but I'll see when I get a chance. Thanks. == == On GAMES and LINUX and family installations, an important note: I just ran into your web site from a link on www.slashdot.org, and started browsing through it as I used to occasionally read your column in the late lamented BYTE. I didnt browse your entire site, so I apologize if others have sent similar comments beforehand.Im interested to see that youve started to use Linux on your family network. My house is wired up similarly but more modestly; I have two Windows98 machines [Riddler and Joker] linked up on a home network to my Linux server [Two-Face] which acts as intranet, file, mail, news, proxy and everything else server. Other machines will be joining the network soon - a laptop [Penguin] and another PC [MrFreeze]. On all machines Ive reserved space on the drives so I can dual boot into Linux. It is also hopefully going to lessen the need for me to keep buying new hard disk drives for all my PCs every 6 months, as the latest game or release of Office causes me to run out of drive space. Now I just copy the whole CD onto my server, do CD-Installs on the real machines and live happily ever after. As far as setting up a family/ home/ very small business network using a Linux server is concerned, I decided to contribute something back to the Linux community by writing a guide on how to do it - its still incomplete and unfinished, so contributions are welcome. Its at:
http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/maroberts/linux/guide/index.html
I read your comment in your November column about Linux not being an environment for computer games, and that simply is not true. DOOM and QUAKE were written on UNIX machines before they were moved over to a Windows environment, and therefore are available for Linux. If you are into Windows type games like Minesweeper, Tetris and Patience there are plenty of examples which run under X Windows. I do grant that there is not the sheer volume of Linux games, and some versions running under Linux frankly lack the quality that may be expected of a similar Windows application. However, the number of applications [including games] coming available seems to have started rising almost as steeply as the learning curve required to know how to operate a Linux system. I am beginning to feel that Linux will "go critical" and become a serious contender to MS over the next 12-18 months. The other thing I see about Linux, which may be bad for Microsoft in the long run, is that now I know what Linux can do, I see very little reason to part with vast amounts of money for the privilege of running NT, the operating system for grown ups. Why pay $800 for NT Server, and even more for BackOffice, when I can do it for almost free with Linux? Support certainly isnt an issue - I never want to spend vast amounts of money sitting on hold on a support line, when I can post an article on Usenet and get at least 2-3 accurate and helpful replies within 24 hours. Not only that, but I dont have to wait two years till Microsoft admits there may be a bug in one of their applications and graciously provides us with a service pack. Im occasionally contributing towards development of KDE, one of the many GUI "front-ends" that aim to make using a Linux system as user friendly as Windows. KDE includes KOffice, which [you guessed it] aims to provide equivalent functionality to Office. There are various similar projects out there too, providing alternative look and feels; GNOME, Enlightenment &; CDE to name but a few.
Mark Roberts [maroberts@dial.pipex.com] Thanks. And agreed. === Jerry I read in todays view your comments about the stability of Windows NT. Id just like to offer some advice in that regard, for which I think I am qualified. Ive installed and support Windows NT for the last 5 years, since the days of NT 3.1, as well as doing stints supporting MacOS, SunOS, Solaris, AIX, OS/2 and some others Id rather not mention (VMS, anyone?) If you are having to reboot Windows NT twice daily, or even once for that matter, you are most likely encountering one of the following:
As with ANY operating system, Windows NT requires a good amount of planning, knowledge and good sense to install and support. If you do things right, it is a exceedingly stable operating system. An aside: Im also acting as a beta tester for Windows 2000 (NT5) as well as Office 2000. These both are running flawlessly on my Dell notebook and I am very happy with both of them. Outlook 2000 especially is very nice, they have made some very nice improvements to it. Now if they would just roll in the news reading from Outlook Express, I would consider it very well done. Cheers Roger Weeks
Thanks for the case history. As I said earlier, if you get NT crashing twice a day, there's a reason. In my case, I KNOW why things crash: I leave far too many windows open needlessly, and let the disk fill up until the system has to hunt to find space for the swap file. Hardly any wonder that it freezes for considerable time. I am not qualified to talk about BIG networks. For anything reasonable you might want in your house or in a legal office, NT seems Good Enough; it certainly is for what I do. Thanks again. == I bopped over to slashdot.org to see what the fuss was about and found that you were a Microsoft bootlicker. In all the years Ive read your stuff enlightenment never came. Further, Im told that youve published huge numbers of inaccurate statements and that it is likely that you do so deliberately! My gosh, if you only had an EULA, Id ask to have my subscription refunded. Further, I found that my intelligence is suspect because I enjoy and appreciate your efforts and because I sent you money. Never dawned on me that a suspect intelligence was the root of so many of my problems. On a more serious note, do you or any of your readers have suggestions for a keyboard/video/mouse switch? Ive a mechanical switch which is distressed that Ive asked it to work with linux and NT boxes. There are gazillions of them available and Im not able to find a review. Id prefer an electronic box, not another mechanical.
Belkin OmniCube from Fry's; works fine. I'll try to do a writeup. So I am a Microsoft boolicker who makes up his facts. I knew there was good reason to ignore that slashdot thing. Thanks. I have work to do.
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Saturday January 30, 1999
Hitachi sells machines with BeOS pre-installed on them in Japan. Apparently, Japanese law puts different requirements on Microsofts OEM deals there for the Japanese language versions of both OSes. There are three "screwdriver shops" in the US that will sell you machines with BeOS preinstalled on them...some on Quad Xeon machines selling for more than your new truck will cost. Hitachi cannot or will not sell their dual boot BeOS machines with the boot loader enabledin order to get at the second partition, the customer must do a 30 second configuration procedure, which can be done from the BeOS boot floppy, or from a loader within Windows. Of the screwdriver shops, at least two of them do not have OEM arrangements with Microsoft. If you want a Microsoft OS on the machine, you pay wholesaler prices (about $80 for Win98, about $170 for NTWS 4.) I should note that the Hitachi Flora Prius BeOS bundle outsells the new iMacs in the Japanese market by about 2:1. Not that either of them make a dent in the sales of Windows 98 machines. And right now, you can buy Compaq machines with Red Hat preinstalled, making their Digital Unix side truly unhappy. Dell is rumoured to be considering selling pre-loads of BeOS and Linux, depending on who you ask about it. I agree with you about the EULA. Getting my $25 bucks back isnt worth the three hours itd take me. I also feel that those who think that Microsoft is the Evil Empire using every trick including kidnapping, murder, extortion and threats of directing asteroids at your home to lock OEMs into selling Windows is a laughable exercise in paranoia. Perhaps we should call Mulder and Scully in.... In point of fact, it is possible to do a screwdriver shop without doing an EOM bundle with Microsoft. Virginia Research is a prime example, as is www.bemachines.com, to point at both Linux and BeOS flavors. You will pay /more/ for a Windows install, but presumptively, youre shopping at those places to avoid a Microsoft OS "contaminating" your hard drive.Linux, in the server market, is OS competition for Microsoft. BeOS in the multimedia authoring market is competition for Microsoft and Apple. (BeOS tries to peacefully coexist, rather than charge head on against Windows as OS/2 did.) The Macintosh, because of the hardware differences it has, is "token" competition for Microsoft. It might make up 10% of the computer market in the future, about where it was at its peak, but it wont expand beyond that. (20% if they do USB peripherals universally) Right now, with Windows 2K slipping into the further distance, this is the best opportunity since DOS v. OS/2 for someone to make the leap and become an actual desktop competitor. BeOS has the better technology, Linux has the popularity and mindshare. As Apple and Microsoft demonstrated, bet on popularity and mindshare over technological innovation. I hope both succeed. PS: Perhaps you could get David Em a copy of BeOS to play with? Its much more in his bailiwick than yours, in terms of what its supposed to do. Im using it and having a blast. Ken Burnside | "Anyone can have manners at a tea party." burnside@itis.com | -- Jennifer Bradley Thanks for the source material. I disagree about Apple; I think that with Apple working with a sane marketing strategy, as they are now, they have a potential up in the 25% market share category, particularly in connection with BEOS and other development systems that make it easier to do applications that work in both Windows and Macintosh OS. The market buys applications, but there is a sizable development system market, and that will grow. I'll do an essay on this again shortly. I say again because I have been saying for year, people don't want computers as computers, they want applications; and the real computer revolution will come when a lot of people have development quality systems and are able easily to write applications that run stand alone and make life easier for the general user. Lots of people know how to do useful things; the problem is teaching a computer to do them. If the programming is easy, there will be LOTS more applications, and lots more sales of development systems. In any event, I would say the Microsoft monopoly is pretty well doomed to stabilize at around 60% of market share with Apple second and lots of other stuff splitting the rest. I can easily be wrong on those numbers, of course. Microsoft already understands mass marketing. The others don't although Jobs is learning fast. For me the important thing is getting real computer systems down to under $1000, and we're pretty well there now. Once you put the tools in the hands of a lot of smart people (like my readers) you can predict that great things will happen without knowing precisely what those great things will be. == http://www.cnn.com/TECH/space/9901/28/dewitt.obit.reut/-----
John DeWitt Jr. dies; bounced radar off moon NASHVILLE, Tennessee (Reuters) -- John DeWitt Jr., who expanded the frontiers of science by bouncing a radar signal off the moon and back to Earth, has died, his family said on Tuesday. DeWitt died on Monday at age 92 at his Nashville home. A pioneer in the broadcast industry, DeWitt conceived the idea of bouncing radar waves off the moon in 1940 as an amateur astronomer. In a diary written at that time, he wrote: "It occurred to me that it might be possible to reflect ultrashort waves from the moon. If this could be done, it would open up wide possibilities for the study of the upper atmosphere ... In addition, this may open up a new method of world communication." His first attempt to obtain moon reflections came in an unsuccessful try using a 138-megahertz transmitter and receiver that he had developed for WGN-Radio in Chicago while working as an engineer. During the Second World War, as a lieutenant colonel in the Signal Corps, DeWitt was assigned to the Evans Signal Laboratory at Belmar, New Jersey, and distinguished himself developing radar for locating mortars and directing counter-fire. "Project Diana," named for the Roman moon goddess, began when DeWitt and his men, awaiting discharge after the end of the war, received a directive from the Defense Department to pursue the possibility of bouncing radar waves off the moon. On January 25, 1946, after several evenings fiddling with their equipment, they heard the first reflections of radar waves back from the moon, proving that electromagnetic waves could penetrate the Earths atmosphere. After the findings were confirmed by independent experts at the request of the Defense Department, news reports put the feat in the same class as the development of the atomic bomb. Time magazine declared, "Man has finally reached beyond his own planet." After "Project Diana," DeWitt returned to Nashville, where at age 16 he began his career by founding the citys first broadcasting station. He helped install transmitters for new stations including WSM-Radio, whose output took the Grand Ole Opry into thousands of rural homes during radios heyday. DeWitt remained at WSM, where he eventually became president. DeWitt is survived by his wife, Sykes DeWitt, son John DeWitt III, daughter Cary Allyn, stepdaughter Betsy Jackson, and four grandchildren.
Roland Dobbins < roland_dobbins@yahoo.com> 808.351.6110 voice
THANKS. Farewell, thou good and faithful servant ==
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Sunday January 31 1999Dad, Here is something for your column: Recently I received as a gift from my family a Palm III made by 3Com. Its a great little PDA that enables me to keep a phone/address list, Calendar, Memo pad as well as the all important ToDo list. There are other features such as an expense recorder, artwork program, calculator, scientific calculator, etc. While there are plenty of other applications out there, I havent had an opportunity to explore them (pesky thesis is breathing down my neck ) . Meanwhile, My thesis advisor has been telling me about how great the operating system on these things are and has several grants to explore placing thin client programs on these things for military applications. My experience with these things was far more mundane. Along with the Palm III, my family purchased for me a copy of Ascend 97s Franklin Planner Software , an organizational program that says that it works with the Palm III. Ascend 97 has many functions that enable you to get organized. You can make a detailed list of tasks with priorities and attached notes. You can build a goals paradigm, record phone numbers, addresses, etc. In all it appears to be an excellent system to get organized and I am told by my brother that he uses it all the time. The problem is that it is only partially inter-operable with the Palm III. This appears to be one of those programs where a feature is added in later without enough thought to the application. It does not transmit items from your task list to the ToDo list. You can try to place ToDo items into the calendar as appointments with no times into the Palm III but then you cannot edit them in the Ascend 97 desktop. This is truly annoying. My Wife was very happy to see me get an electronic organizer to keep me from forgetting things that needed doing. But Ascend 97 just wasnt helping. I attempted to E-mail Franklin Quest at their windows support E-mail, but have not received a reply (its been over two weeks). So Ive removed Ascend 97 and now use the standard desktop. The result is Im not wasting time getting organized, and my Wife has fewer things to remind me to do I'm more used to Franklin Ascend, and I rather like it, but the Palm III desktop is quite good too. Thanks for the input.
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